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www.fairchildsemi.com rev. 1.2 2/24/05 features ? ow noise constant frequency operation at heavy load high ef?iency pulse-skip (pfm) operation at light load adaptive seven switch con?urations (1:3, 1:2, 2:3, 1:1, 3:2, 2:1, 3:1) 92% peak ef?iency input voltage range: 2.7v to 5.5v output current:3.3v, 200ma at v in = 3.6v ?% output voltage accuracy ? cc < 1? in shutdown mode 1mhz operating frequency shutdown isolates output from input soft-start limits inrush current at start-up short circuit and over temperature protection minimum external component count no inductors applications cell phones handheld computers portable rf communication equipment core supply to low power processors ? ow v oltage dc bus dsp supplies description the fan5602 is a universal switched capacitor dc/dc con- v erter capable of step-up or step-down operation. due to its unique adaptive fractional switching topology, the device achieves high ef?iency over a wider input/output voltage range than any of its predecessors. the fan5602 utilizes resistance modulated loop control, which produces lower switching noise than other topologies. depending upon actual load conditions, the device automatically switches between constant frequency and pulse skipping (pfm) modes of operation in order to extend battery life. the f an5602 produces a ?ed regulated output within the range of 2.7v to 5.5v from any type of voltage source. high ef? ciency is achieved under any input/output voltage conditions because an internal logic circuitry automatically recon?ures the system to the best possible topology. only two 1? b ucket capacitors and one 10? output capacitor are needed. during power on soft start circuitry prevents excessive cur- rent drawn from the supply. the device is protected against short circuit and over temperature conditions. the fan5602 is available with 3.3v, 4.5v, and 5.0v output v oltage. any other output voltage option within the 1.5v to 5v range is available upon request. the fan5602 is avail- able in 8-lead msop and 3x3mm 8-lead mlp packages f an5602 universal (step-up/step-down) charge pump regulated dc/dc converter t ypical application f an5602 c out c b c in gnd v in v out c2+ c1+ c1- c2- enable input 2.7v to 5.5v 2 1 3 4 5 8 7 6
2 rev. 1.2 2/24/05 fan5602 product specification pin assignment pin description pin no. pin name pin description 1v in supply voltage input 2 c2+ bucket capacitor2 positive connection 3 c2- bucket capacitor2 negative connection 4 gnd ground 5 c1- bucket capacitor1 negative connection 6v out regulated output voltage. bypass this pin with 10 f ceramic low esr capacitor. 7 c1+ bucket capacitor1 positive connection 8 enable enable input. logic high enables the chip and logic low disables the chip, reducing the supply current to less than 1?. do not float this pin. 3x3mm 8-lead mlp fa n5602 gnd v in c2+ c2- c1+ c1- v out enable gnd v in c2+ c2- c1+ c1- v out enable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 8-lead msop t op view
product specification fan5602 rev. 1.2 2/24/05 3 absolute maximum ratings (note 1) recommended operating conditions notes : 1. operation beyond the absolute maximum rating may cause permanent damage to device. 2. using mil std. 883e, method 3015.7(human body model) and eia/jesd22c101-a (charge device model). 3. refer to ?oad current capability vs input voltage?in ?ypical performance characteristics? p arameter min typ max unit v in ,v out , enable voltage to gnd -0.3 6.0 v voltage at c1+, c1-, c2+, and c2- to gnd -0.3 v in + 0.3 v power dissipation internally limited lead soldering temperature (10 seconds) 300 ? junction temperature 150 ? storage temperature -55 150 ? electrostatic discharge (esd) protection (note 2) hbm 2 kv cdm 2 p arameter conditions min typ max unit input voltage 1.8 5.5 v load current (note 3) v in < 2v 30 ma 3.3v, v in = 3.6v 200 ma 4.5 & 5.0v, v in = 3.6v 100 ma ambient temperature -40 85 ?
4 rev. 1.2 2/24/05 fan5602 product specification dc electrical characteristics v in = 2.7v to 5.5v, c 1 = c 2 = 1?, c in = c out = 10?, enable = v in , t a = -40 ? to +85 ? unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = 25?. p arameter conditions min. typ. max. units input undervoltage lockout 1.5 1.7 2.2 v output voltage, v out v in 0.75 x v nom , 0ma < i load < 100ma 0.97 x v nom v nom 1.03 x v nom v quiescent current v in 1.1 x v nom , i load = 0ma 100 300 ? off mode supply current enable = gnd 0.1 1 a output short-circuit current v out < 150mv 200 ma efficiency v in = 0.85 x v nom , i load = 30ma 3.3v 75 % 4.5v, 5.0v 80 v in = 1.1 x v nom , i load = 30ma 3.3v 90 % 4.5v, 5.0v 92 oscillator frequency t a = 25? 0.7 1.0 1.3 mhz thermal shutdown threshold 145 ? thermal shutdown threshold hysteresis 15 ? enable logic input high voltage, v ih 1.5 v enable logic input low voltage, v il 0.5 v enable input bias current enable = v in or gnd -1 1 a v out turn on time v in = 0.9 x v nom , i load =0ma, 10% to 90% 0.5 ms v out ripple v in = 2.5v i load = 200ma 10 mvpp
product specification fan5602 rev. 1.2 2/24/05 5 t ypical performance characteristics t a = 25?, v out = 4.5v unless otherwise noted. 150 100 150 200 250 300 350 4.0 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 4.30 4.35 4.40 4.45 4.50 4.55 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 1234 56 quiescent current vs input voltage input voltage (v) input voltage (v) input voltage load currrent (ma) input voltage (v) input voltage (v) quiescent current (ma) shutdown current vs input voltage shutdown current (na) line regulation output voltage (v) output voltage (v) load current (ma) efficiency efficiency vs input voltage load regulation output current capability vs input voltage 0.0 100.0 200.0 300.0 400.0 500.0 600.0 700.0 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 ? v out < 10% ? v out < 3% 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 2.500 3.500 3.000 4.500 5.500 4.000 5.000 load current = 10ma load current = 50ma load current = 100ma load current = 150ma 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 i load = 100ma v out = 4.5v v in = 3.6v
6 rev. 1.2 2/24/05 fan5602 product specification t ypical performance characteristics (cont) t a = 25?, v out = 4.5v unless otherwise noted. output voltage vs input voltage 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 23456 input voltage ( v ) output voltage (v) load current = 10ma load current = 50ma load current = 100ma load current = 150ma load current = 200ma output voltage vs ambient temperture 4.3 4.35 4.4 4.45 4.5 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 ambient temperature (c) output voltage (v) peak efficiency vs load current 60 65 70 75 80 050 100 150 200 250 300 load current (ma) efficiency (%) enable threshold vs input voltage 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2345 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6 input voltage (v) enable (v) mode change threshold (v) mode change threshold and hysteresis 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 050 100 150 200 load current (ma) mode 1 mode 2 mode 3 mode 4 load current = 10ma vin = 3.6v
product specification fan5602 rev. 1.2 2/24/05 7 t ypical performance characteristics (cont) t a = 25?, v out = 3.3v unless otherwise noted. load tr ansient response (ldo mode) load tr ansient response (2:3 mode) lo enable delay time (400 s/div) time (10 s/div) time (10 s/div) time (10 s/div) ad transient response (1:2 mode) ou tp ut vo ltage (50mv/div) v in =3.7v out put voltage (50mv/div) load cu rrent (1 00 ma/div) output voltage (50mv/div) c out =5 f t a =25 c v in =3.0v c out =5 f t a =25 c load current ( 100ma/div) v in =2.5v, t a =25 c c out =5 f load cu rrent (1 00 ma/div) enable (2.00 v/d) output voltage (2.00 v/d)
8 rev. 1.2 2/24/05 fan5602 product specification t ypical performance characteristics (cont) t a = 25?, c in = c out =10?, c b = 1?, v out = 4.5v, unless otherwise noted. output ripple output ripple output ripple output ripple time (100 us/div) time (100 us/div) time (100 us/div) time (100 us/div) output ripple output ripple time (100 us/div) time (100 us/div) output ripple (20 mv/div) output ripple (20 mv/div) output ripple (20 mv/div) output ripple (20 mv/div) output ripple (20 mv/div) output ripple (20 mv/div) iout = 200 ma vin = 2.5 v iout = 200 ma vin = 3.0 iout = 200 ma vin = 3.6 v iout = 200 ma vin = 4.2 v iout = 250 ma vin = 2.5 v iout = 250 ma vin = 3.0 v
product specification fan5602 rev. 1.2 2/24/05 9 t ypical performance characteristics (cont) t a = 25?, c in = c out =10?, c b = 1?, v out = 4.5v, unless otherwise noted. iout = 250 ma vin = 3.6 v iout = 250 ma vin = 4.2 v iout = 300 ma vin = 2.5 v iout = 300 ma vin = 3.0 v iout = 300 ma vin = 3.6 v iout = 300 ma vin = 4.2 v output ripple output ripple output ripple output ripple output ripple output ripple time (100 us/div) time (100 us/div) time (100 us/div) time (100 us/div) time (100 us/div) time (100 us/div) output ripple (20 mv/div) output ripple (20 mv/div) output ripple (20 mv/div) output ripple (20 mv/div) output ripple (20 mv/div) output ripple (20 mv/div)
10 rev. 1.2 2/24/05 fan5602 product specification block diagram band gap soft start current sense pfm mode sc uvlo oscillator v in v out control logic driver en light load fb fb bg bg ref v in 150mv v out 1.6v v in heavy load en error amp v in gnd c1+ c1- c2+ c2- v out enable s w i t c h a r r a y functional description f an5602 is a high ef?iency and low noise switched-capac- itor dc/dc converter and is capable of both step-up and step-down operations. it has seven built-in switch con?ura- tions. based on the ratio of the input voltage to the output v oltage the fan5602 automatically recon?ures the switches to achieve the highest ef?iency. the regulation of the output is achieved by a linear regulation loop, which modulates the on-resistance of the power transistors so that the amount of charge transferred from the input to the ?ing capacitor at each clock cycle is controlled and is equal to the charge needed by the load. the current spike is reduced to minimum. at light load the fan5602 automatically switches to pfm mode to save power. the regulation at pfm mode is achieved by skipping pulses. linear regulation loop the fan5602 operates at constant frequency at load higher than 10ma. the linear regulation loop consisting of power transistors, feedback (resistor divider) and error ampli?r is used to realize the regulation of the output voltage and to reduce the current spike. the error ampli?r takes feedback and reference as inputs and generates the error voltage sig- nal. the error voltage signal is then used as the gate voltage of the power transistor and modulates the on-resistance of the power transistor and therefore the charge transferred from the input to the output is controlled and the regulation of the output is realized. since the charge transfer is con- trolled, the fan5602 has small esr spike.
product specification fan5602 rev. 1.2 2/24/05 11 switch con?urations the fan5602 has seven built-in switch con?urations including 1:1, 3:2, 2:1 and 3:1 for step-down and 2:3, 1:2 and 1:3 for step-up. when 1.5 x v out > v in > v out , 1:1 mode shown in fig. 1(a) is used. in this mode the internal oscillator is turned off. the power transistors connecting the input and the output become pass transistors and their gate voltages are controlled by the linear regulation loop, the rest of power transistors are turned off. in this mode the fan5602 operates exactly like a low dropout (ldo) regulator and the ripple of the output is in the micro-volt range. when 1.5 x v out > v in > v out , 2:3 mode (step-up) shown in fig. 1(b) is used. in the charging phase two ?ing capaci- tors are placed in series and each capacitor is charged to a half of the input voltage. in pumping phase the ?ing capac- itors are placed in parallel. the input is connected to the bot- tom the capacitors so that the top of the capacitors is boosted to a voltage equals v in /2 + v in , i.e., 3/2 x v in . by connect- ing the top of the capacitors to the output, one can ideally charge the output to 3/2 x v in . if 3/2 x v in is higher than the needed v out , the linear regulation loop will adjust the on- resistance to drop some voltage. boosting the voltage of the top of the capacitors to 3/2 x v in by connecting v in the bot- tom of the capacitors boosts the power ef?iency 3/2 times. in 2:3 mode the ideal power ef?iency is v out /1.5 x v in (for example, if v in = 2v, v out = 2 x v in = 4v, the ideal power ef?iency is 100%). switch array mid mid gnd s1a s2a t op c1+ c1- c1 mid figure. 1a mode1(1:1) t op gnd c1+ c1+ c1- c1- c1 c2 s1a s1a s2a s3a s4b s5 s3b figure. 1b mode2 (2:3 or 3:2): all switches set for phase 1 and reverse state for phase 2 mid top gnd c1+ c2+ c1- c2- c1 c2 s1a s2a s2b s4a s4b s5 s3b figure. 1d mode4 (1:3 or 3:1): all switches set for phase 1 and reverse state for phase 2 top c1 c2 c1+ c1- c2+ c2- s3a s4a s1a s2a s3b s4b s1b s2b figure. 1c mode3 (1:2 or 2:1): all switches set for phase 1 and reverse state for phase 2
12 rev. 1.2 2/24/05 fan5602 product specification when 2 x v in > v out > 1.5 x v in , 1:2 mode (step-up) shown in fig. 1(c) is used. both in the charging phase and in pumping phase two ?ing capacitors are placed in parallel. in charging phase the capacitors are charged to the input v oltage. in the pumping phase the input voltage is placed to the bottom the capacitors. the top of the capacitors is boosted to 2 x v in . by connecting the top of the capacitors to the output, one can ideally charge the output to 2 x v in . boosting the voltage on the top of the capacitors to 2vin boosts the power ef?iency 2 times. in 1:2 mode the ideal power ef?iency is v out /2 x v in (for example, v in = 2v, v out = 2 x v in = 4v, the ideal power ef?iency is 100%). when 3 x v in > v out > 2 x v in , 1:3 mode (step-up) shown in fig. 1(d) is used. in charging phase two ?ing capacitors are placed in parallel and each is charged to v in . in the pumping phase the two ?ing capacitors are placed in series and the input is connected to the bottom of the series con- nected capacitors. the top of the series connected capacitors is boosted to 3 x v in . the ideal power ef?iency is boosted 3 times and is equal to v out /3v in (for example, v in = 1v, v out = 3 x v in = 3v, the ideal power ef?iency is 100%). by connecting the output to the top of the series connected capacitors, one can charge the output to 3 x v in . the internal logic in the fan5602 monitors the input and the output and compares them and automatically selects the switch con?uration to achieve the highest ef?iency. the step-down modes 3:2, 2:1 and 3:1 can be understood by reversing the function of v in and v out in the above discus- sion. the reason for built-in so many modes is to improve power ef?iency and to extend the battery life. for example, if v out = 5v, mode 1:2 needs a minimum v in = 2.5v. by b uilt-in 1:3 mode, the minimum battery voltage is extended to 1.7v. light load operation the power transistors used in the charge pump are very large in size. the dynamic loss from the switching the power tran- sistors is not small and increases its proportion of the total power consumption as the load gets light. to save power, the f an5602 switches, when the load is less than 10ma, from constant frequency to pulse-skipping mode (pfm) for modes 2:3(3:2), 1:2(2:1) and 1:3(3:1) except mode 1:1. in pfm mode the linear loop is disabled and the error ampli?r is turned off. a pfm comparator is used to setup an upper threshold and a lower threshold for the output. when the out- put is lower than the lower threshold, the oscillator is turned on and the charge pump starts working and keeps delivering charges from the input to the output until the output is higher than the upper threshold. then shut off the oscillator, shut off power transistors and deliver the charge to the output from the output capacitor. pfm operation is not used for mode 1:1 ev en if at light load. mode 1:1 in the fan5602 is designed as a ldo with the oscillator off. the power transistors at ldo mode are not switching and therefore do not have the dynamic loss. switching from linear operation to pfm mode (i load <10ma) and from pfm to linear mode (i load >10ma) is automatic based on the load current, which is monitored all the time. short circuit when the output voltage is lower than 150mv, the fan5602 enters short circuit condition. in this condition all power transistors are turned off. a small transistor shorting the input and the output turns on and charges the output. this transistor keeps on as long as the v out < 150mv. since this transistor is very small, the current from the input to the out- put is limited. once the short at the output is eliminated, this transistor is large enough to charge the output higher than 150mv and then the fan5602 enters soft start period. soft start the fan5602 uses a constant current charging a low pass ?ter to generate a ramp. the ramp is used as reference volt- age during the startup. since the ramp starts at zero and goes up slowly, the output follows the ramp and therefore inrush current is restricted. when the ramp is higher than bandgap v oltage, the bandgap voltage supersedes ramp as reference and the soft start is over. the soft start takes about 500?. thermal shutdown the fan5602 will go to thermal shutdown if the junction temperature is over 150?c with 15?c hysteresis.
product specification fan5602 rev. 1.2 2/24/05 13 fan5602 vout vin 1 f1 f 10 f 10 f 50 50 50 50 20 fol216ciw fol625ciw flash backlight battery 3.2 to 4.2v application information using the fan5602 to drive lcd backlighting the fan5602 4.5 volt option is ideal for driving the back- lighting and ?sh leds for any portable device. one f an5602 device can supply the roughly 150 ma that are needed to power both the backlight and the ?sh leds. even thought drawing this much current from the fan5602 will drive the part out of the 3% output regulation, it is not a problem. the backlight and ?sh leds will still be able to produce optimal brightness at the reduced regulation. when b uilding this circuit be sure to use ceramic capacitors with low esr. also all capacitors should be placed as close as possible to the fan5602 in the pcb layout. below is an e xample circuit for a backlighting / flash application. figure 2.
14 rev. 1.2 2/24/05 fan5602 product specification mechanical dimensions 8-lead msop package c _ _ d c 0.002[0.05] 0.002[0.05] m s a s e pcb land pattern (0.040) [0.41] (0.016) [0.41] typ typ typ (0.0256) [0.65] c __ symm 0.002 - 0.006 typ typ 0.030 - 0.037 [0.76 - 0.94] 0.012 0.002 - typ 0.007 0.002 [0.18 0.05] 0 6 - gage plane seating plane - (0.010) [0.25] 1 8 0.118 0.004 [3 0.1] 0.193 0.004 0.118 0.004 [3 0.1] (0.0256) [0.65] [4.9 0.1] typ msop8 package.eps
product specification fan5602 rev. 1.2 2/24/05 15 mechanical dimensions 3x3mm 8-lead mlp package 0.15 1.42 (0.65) 0.65 typ 0.47 typ pcb land pattern to p view side view bottom view notes: a. conforms to jedec registration mo-229, v ariation veec, dated 11/2001 b. dimensions are in millimeters. c. dimensions and tolerances per asme y14.5m, 1994 1.99 3.30 2.37 41 58 0.15 2x 2x 3.0 3.0 1.0 max 0.05 0.00 0.45 0.20 seating plane pin #1 ident 0.10 0.08 (0.20) 1.30 max. 0.65 1.95 0.25~0.35 0.10 0.05 m m cab c 2.25 max. 14 85 c c c a b c c
2/24/05 0.0m 001 stock#ds505602 ? 2004 fairchild semiconductor corporation life support policy fairchild? products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the express written approval of the president of fairchild semiconductor corporation. as used herein: 1. life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and (c) whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury of the user. 2. a critical component in any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. www.fairchildsemi.com disclaimer fairchild semiconductor reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein to improve reliability, function or design. fairchild does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights, nor the rights of others. fan5602 product specification ordering information product number package type output voltage, v nom order code fan5602 8-lead msop 3.3v fan5602mu33x 3x3mm 8-lead mlp 3.3v FAN5602MP33X 3x3mm 8-lead mlp 4.5v fan5602mp45x 3x3mm 8-lead mlp 5.0v fan5602mp5x

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